Complexity results for logics of local reasoning and inconsistent belief

Martin Allen


Abstract

Fagin, Halpern, Moses, and Vardi have proposed a framework of epistemic agents with multiple ``frames of mind'' (local-reasoning structures), to solve problems concerning inconsistent knowledge and logical omniscience. We investigate a class of related modal logics. These logics replace the usual closure under full conjunction for the \square operator with progressively weaker versions, and comprise a hierarchy with the traditional modal logic K at the top, and an infinite number of logics ordered by inclusion under it, all strictly stronger than N, the weakest monotonic modal logic. Previous results have used N to represent local-reasoning structures. Our result shows that there are stronger logics applicable to such structures, suggesting that stronger forms of inference can be used to represent imperfect knowledge-based agents and protocols. Further, it is shown that the satisfiability question for each of these logics is PSPACE-complete, strictly harder than for N. This also answers a conjecture of Vardi: the border between NP- and PSPACE-hardness in modal-logical satisfiability problems is associated with conjunctive closure, however weak.

@InProceedings{Allen05,
  author = 	 {Martin Allen},
  title = 	 {Complexity Results for Logics of Local Reasoning and 
                  Inconsistent Belief},
  booktitle =    {Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on 
                  Theoretical Aspects of Rationality and Knowledge ({TARK-X})},
  pages = 	 {92--108},
  year = 	 2005,
  address = 	 {Singapore}
}

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